In this lesson, we will learn about fractions. Fractions represent parts of a whole or a group. They consist of a numerator (top number) and a denominator (bottom number).
A proper fraction is a fraction where the numerator is smaller than the denominator. For example, 3/4 and 2/5 are proper fractions.
An improper fraction is a fraction where the numerator is equal to or greater than the denominator. For example, 5/4 and 7/3 are improper fractions.
Equivalent fractions are different fractions that represent the same value. They have different numerators and denominators but represent the same part of a whole. For example, 1/2, 2/4, and 3/6 are equivalent fractions.
To find equivalent fractions, multiply or divide the numerator and denominator by the same non-zero number. For example, to find an equivalent fraction of 1/2, we can multiply both the numerator and denominator by 2 to get 2/4.
To add or subtract fractions with the same denominator, add or subtract the numerators and keep the denominator the same. For example, 1/3 + 2/3 = 3/3 = 1.
To add or subtract fractions with different denominators, find a common denominator, which is the least common multiple (LCM) of the denominators. Then, rewrite the fractions with the common denominator and perform the addition or subtraction. For example, 1/4 + 2/3 = 3/12 + 8/12 = 11/12.